{"id":946,"date":"2020-04-02T16:15:33","date_gmt":"2020-04-02T14:15:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.investguru.cz\/cs\/?p=946"},"modified":"2020-04-02T16:39:22","modified_gmt":"2020-04-02T14:39:22","slug":"investovani-na-paku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.investguru.cz\/cs\/investovani-na-paku\/","title":{"rendered":"Investov\u00e1n\u00ed na p\u00e1ku: Je vhodn\u00e9 vz\u00edt si p\u016fj\u010dku a pen\u00edze investovat do akci\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hr_HgJoSNW0?rel=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;autoplay=1&amp;modestbranding=1\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>P\u0159epis videa<\/h2>\n<p>Je vhodn\u00e9 vz\u00edt si spot\u0159ebitelskou p\u016fj\u010dku s \u00farokem 4% a pen\u00edze investovat na 10 let do akci\u00ed? Moje jm\u00e9no je Tom\u00e1\u0161 Tyl a dnes budu odpov\u00eddat na tento dotaz.<\/p>\n<p>Nejd\u0159\u00edve si n\u011bco \u0159ekneme o tzv. investov\u00e1n\u00ed na p\u00e1ku. To znamen\u00e1 investov\u00e1n\u00ed s vyu\u017eit\u00edm \u00fav\u011bru. <\/p>\n<p>\u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se tomu investov\u00e1n\u00ed za pomoc\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1ky, proto\u017ee podobn\u011b jako p\u0159i p\u00e1ce ve fyzice pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te malou s\u00edlu k velk\u00fdm pohyb\u016fm.  <\/p>\n<p>Tady v tom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed mal\u00fd kapit\u00e1l a k tomu si p\u016fj\u010d\u00edte ciz\u00ed kapit\u00e1l. A d\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017eete d\u011blat velk\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy.<\/p>\n<p>Investov\u00e1n\u00ed na p\u00e1ku je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b v\u00fdnosn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pokud v\u00e1m v\u00fdnosy z toho, do \u010deho investujete, pokud jsou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e ty \u00faroky, kter\u00e9 plat\u00edte. <\/p>\n<p>V modelov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy\u017e by spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fd \u00fav\u011br st\u00e1l skute\u010dn\u011b 4 % po celou dobu a akcie vyd\u011bl\u00e1vali 10%, tak je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 si \u010d\u00e1st pen\u011bz p\u016fj\u010dit a takto je investovat.<\/p>\n<h2>V praxi je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b situace slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Proto\u017ee vy jednak ne v\u017edy dop\u0159edu zn\u00e1te tu \u00farokovou sazbu. Ale pokud jo, tak v\u00edte, \u017ee to bude na 4%, tak je to OK. <\/p>\n<p>Ale co je velk\u00e1 nezn\u00e1m\u00e1, je jak se bude vyv\u00edjet akciov\u00fd trh.<\/p>\n<p>Podobn\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1ka se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v podnik\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Podnikatel\u00e9, firmy, maj\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fd vlastn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l. A n\u011bjak\u00e9 ciz\u00ed zdroje. A ty ciz\u00ed zdroje si pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u016fj\u010duj\u00ed, aby nemuseli pou\u017e\u00edvat k tomu vlastn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l. A d\u00edky tomu mohli zv\u011bt\u0161it sv\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy. Proto\u017ee p\u0159edpoklad je, \u017ee ten byznys vyn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed daleko v\u00edc, ne\u017e za kolik si p\u016fj\u010dujete.<\/p>\n<p>Ur\u010dit\u011b to m\u00e1 velk\u00fd smysl u nemovitost\u00ed, proto\u017ee p\u016fj\u010dky, hypot\u00e9ky na nemovitosti, maj\u00ed velmi n\u00edzk\u00e9 \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby. A t\u00edm jsou atraktivn\u00ed. A z\u00e1rove\u0148 nemovitosti<br \/>\nm\u016f\u017eou b\u00fdt relativn\u011b konzervativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v tom kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Ale na druhou stranu i tady to nen\u00ed z\u00e1ruka bezrizikov\u00e9ho zisku. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v roce 2008, ve finan\u010dn\u00ed krizi, kdy\u017e ceny nemovitost\u00ed padaly, tak \u0159ada r\u016fzn\u00fdch nemovitostn\u00edch projekt\u016f zalo\u017een\u00fdch na tom, \u017ee se za\u00fav\u011brovaly, a pak se sna\u017eili pronaj\u00edmat n\u011bjak\u00e9 nemovitosti, tak se dostala do velk\u00fdch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.  \u0158ada dr\u017eitel\u016f nemovitost\u00ed, hodn\u011b v Americe, se dostala do pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. A podobn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee ani u nemovitost\u00ed to nen\u00ed zaru\u010den\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch. <\/p>\n<p>Ale samoz\u0159ejm\u011b kdy\u017e vid\u00edte, \u017ee trh nemovitost\u00ed roste, tak ti co maj\u00ed hypot\u00e9ku na nemovitosti, kter\u00e9 pronaj\u00edmaj\u00ed, tak jejich majetek rostl je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce. To se na rostouc\u00edm trhu d\u011bje.<\/p>\n<p>A d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, jenom proto \u017ee n\u011bkdo dal\u0161\u00ed vyd\u011bl\u00e1val, nesna\u017eit se j\u00edt t\u0159eba do n\u011bjak\u00e9ho velk\u00e9ho rizika, aby se mi to taky poda\u0159ilo.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee investov\u00e1n\u00ed na finan\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1ku m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdnosy.<\/p>\n<h2>Ale m\u00e1 v\u017edycky svoje rizika<\/h2>\n<p>Nen\u00ed to zaru\u010den\u011b bezrizikov\u00fd v\u00fdnos.<\/p>\n<p>Co je velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9, je vyu\u017e\u00edvat tzv.\u201emargin\u201c u obchodn\u00edka s cenn\u00fdmi pap\u00edry, kde obchodujete. Obchodn\u00edm s cenn\u00fdmi pap\u00edry v\u00e1m proti portfoliu p\u016fj\u010d\u00ed na ur\u010ditou \u010d\u00e1st toho portfolia pen\u00edze. A vy je m\u016f\u017eete investovat.<\/p>\n<p>Tady b\u00fdv\u00e1 ale jedno velk\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. Kdy\u017e dojde k tomu, \u017ee ceny za\u010dnou padat, tak obchodn\u00edk ka\u017edou tu akcii, nebo aktivum oce\u0148uje n\u011bjakou hodnotou, kolik je mo\u017en\u00e9 proti t\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stce si p\u016fj\u010dit. <\/p>\n<p>A ve chv\u00edli kdy dojde k tomu, \u017ee hodnota toho portfolia klesne, poklesne pod tu hodnotu, kter\u00e1 je pro toho obchodn\u00edka n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem hranice, tak obchodn\u00edk za\u010dne vyprod\u00e1vat va\u0161e pozice. Aby si zaru\u010dil, \u017ee vy mu splat\u00edte ten \u00fav\u011br. Ten margin, kter\u00fd jste si tam vzali. <\/p>\n<p>\u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se tomu \u201emargin call\u201c. A m\u016f\u017ee se v\u00e1m st\u00e1t, \u017ee obchodn\u00edk najednou vyprod\u00e1 ve\u0161ker\u00e9 va\u0161e pozice. Zaplat\u00ed z nich ten dluh, kter\u00fd jste tam m\u011bli. A t\u00edm z do\u010dasn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty akciov\u00e9ho trhu, nebo akci\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dr\u017e\u00edte, se stane trval\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta.<\/p>\n<p>Prost\u011b proto\u017ee vy najednou nem\u00e1te ty prost\u0159edky, kter\u00e9 byste mohli v tom okam\u017eiku, kdy je trh dole, zainvestovat. A vyd\u011blat zp\u00e1tky, kdy\u017e se trh \u017eene zp\u00e1tky nahoru. <\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee to je velk\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed \u00fav\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed. Najednou budete z n\u011bjak\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu muset ten \u00fav\u011br splatit. <\/p>\n<p>A u toho marginu je to nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 v tom, \u017ee obchodn\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee je\u0161t\u011b najednou p\u0159ehodnotit jak\u00e1 bude, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 se tomu \u201elanding value\u201c. Jakoby hodnota, kter\u00e1 se proti ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u00e9 akcii nebo akciov\u00e9mu trhu nebo dluhopis\u016fm, kolik si proti nim m\u016f\u017eete p\u016fj\u010dit. \u017de je p\u0159ehodnot\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u0158ekne najednou: <em>\u201eNa trhu je velk\u00e1 volatilita, tak\u017ee u\u017e si nem\u016f\u017eete p\u016fj\u010dovat na 70 % hodnoty tohoto akciov\u00e9ho ETF. Ale jenom na 50 % hodnoty toho akciov\u00e9ho ETF. Proto\u017ee jeho cena spadla, tak v\u00e1m ho vyprod\u00e1me a rad\u011bji zaplat\u00edme ten \u00fav\u011br.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>To jsou v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 se d\u011bj\u00ed. A \u010dlov\u011bk by nem\u011bl b\u00fdt p\u0159ekvapen\u00fd. A m\u011bl by, pokud chce investovat na p\u00e1ku, br\u00e1t tohle riziko. <\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee to je velk\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed marginu.<\/p>\n<h2>P\u00e1ka na spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fd \u00fav\u011br<\/h2>\n<p>Kdy\u017e to bude se spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fdm \u00fav\u011brem, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby jeho sazba z\u016fstala po\u0159\u00e1d stejn\u00e1. <\/p>\n<p>Aby se nastalo, \u017ee akcie p\u016fjdou dol\u016f a v tu chv\u00edli z\u00e1rove\u0148 ten \u00farok z \u00fav\u011bru p\u016fjde nahoru. A t\u00edm se z toho stane velmi prod\u011ble\u010dn\u00fd podnik.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc.<\/p>\n<p>Vlastn\u011b kdy\u017e n\u011bco podobn\u00e9ho ud\u011bl\u00e1te, tak t\u00edm m\u011bn\u00edte pravidelnou investici. Proto\u017ee vy pravideln\u011b spl\u00e1c\u00edte tu p\u016fj\u010dku. A podobn\u00e9 je to s t\u011bmi nemovitostmi. <\/p>\n<p>Vy vlastn\u011b do t\u00e9 nemovitosti vstoup\u00edte najednou, ale vezmete si hypote\u010dn\u00ed \u00fav\u011br, kter\u00fd postupn\u011b spl\u00e1c\u00edte. Tak\u017ee vlastn\u011b pravidelnou investici do nemovitosti jste p\u0159em\u011bnili na jednor\u00e1zovou.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee m\u00e1te v\u00fdhodu, \u017ee tu nemovitost kupujete za sou\u010dasnou cenu, i kdy\u017e budete pos\u00edlat pen\u00edze pravideln\u011b. A plat\u00edte za to \u00farok.<\/p>\n<p>Stejn\u011b je to s t\u011bmi akciemi. Vlastn\u011b jste pravidelnou investici prom\u011bnili na jednor\u00e1zovou. <\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee to je taky dal\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak se vlastn\u011b na tenhle typ investice pod\u00edvat. <\/p>\n<p>A te\u010f je ot\u00e1zka, zda to za ty \u00faroky stoj\u00ed nebo ne.<\/p>\n<h2>Myslete na rizika<\/h2>\n<p>Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b je pot\u0159eba se krom\u011b potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00fdnos\u016f v\u017edy pod\u00edvat na rizika. Uv\u011bdomovat si rizika. <\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee ta rizika jsou to, \u017ee se zm\u011bn\u00ed \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Pokud nem\u00e1te zafixovan\u00fd \u00fav\u011br. Velk\u00e9 riziko je, kam se pohnou akcie. <\/p>\n<p>A \u0159ekl bych, \u017ee 10let\u00fd horizont m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00fd. Na 10let\u00e9m horizontu nelze zaru\u010dit, \u017ee akcie budou v plusu. V historii v\u011bt\u0161ina 10let\u00fdch horizont\u016f pro investici do \u0161iroce diverzifikovan\u00e9ho akciov\u00e9ho trhu sta\u010dila. <\/p>\n<p>Ale byla tak\u00e9 obdob\u00ed, kdy 10 let nesta\u010dilo.  <\/p>\n<p>Kdo by investoval v roce 2000 podobn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, tam by to \u00fapln\u011b nedopadlo. Tak\u017ee v historii byly obdob\u00ed, kdy je\u0161t\u011b na 10 letech se \u010dlov\u011bk nedostal do zisk\u016f. Nato\u017e aby vyd\u011blal na ty \u00faroky, kter\u00e9 plat\u00ed na tom \u00fav\u011bru. Tak\u017ee nezaru\u010duje to automaticky v\u00fdnosnost na 10 letech.<\/p>\n<p>Lep\u0161\u00ed pokud investujete do akci\u00ed i bez \u00fav\u011bru, je lep\u0161\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtat s del\u0161\u00edmi horizonty ne\u017e 10 let. Investovat t\u0159eba do finan\u010dn\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti. Ve finan\u010dn\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti potom jako renti\u00e9r to d\u00e1v\u00e1 velk\u00fd smysl.<\/p>\n<p>Ur\u010dit\u011b je nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 investovat do jednotliv\u00fdch akci\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Proto\u017ee zat\u00edmco u trh\u016f, pokud bude fungovat kapitalismus, tak akcie budou n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem dlouhodob\u011b r\u016fst. V\u017edy je ot\u00e1zka o kolik.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud investujete do jednotliv\u00e9 akcie, tam nic zaru\u010deno nen\u00ed. Ta akcie m\u016f\u017ee zmizet z trhu a takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f jsme vid\u011bli celou \u0159adu.<\/p>\n<p>Co je ur\u010dit\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 uv\u011bdomit si, tohle nen\u00ed Wealth Protection p\u0159\u00edstup. Je to trochu spekulace. <\/p>\n<p>Mus\u00edte si b\u00fdt taky jisti, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017eete ten spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fd \u00fav\u011br, kter\u00fd si berete, v\u017edycky spl\u00e1cet.<\/p>\n<p>Proto\u017ee ve chv\u00edli, kdy t\u0159eba p\u0159ijdete o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159ijde krize a hodn\u011b lid\u00ed p\u0159ijde o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. \u010clov\u011bk vy\u010derp\u00e1 tu svoj\u00ed rezervu. A st\u00e1le ho bude t\u00ed\u017eit ten \u00fav\u011br.<\/p>\n<p>Aby se nedostal do situace, \u017ee bude v takovou chv\u00edli  muset vyprod\u00e1vat to sv\u00e9 akciov\u00e9 portfolio. Aby ten \u00fav\u011br mohl spl\u00e1cet. Proto\u017ee pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v takov\u00e9hle situaci, kdy\u017e p\u0159ijde n\u011bjak\u00e1 recese, n\u011bjak\u00e1 krize ani ty akcie na tom nebudou n\u011bjak extra dob\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit.<\/p>\n<p>Investov\u00e1n\u00ed na p\u00e1ku m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u00fdnosn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale je rizikov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>A je tam \u0159ada rizik, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017eou b\u00fdt definitivn\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1 m\u016f\u017eou v\u00e1s p\u0159ipravit o pen\u00edze definitivn\u011b trvale. Trvalou ztr\u00e1tu v\u00e1m ud\u011blat.<\/p>\n<p>Proto to v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nen\u00ed Wealth Protection p\u0159\u00edstup.<\/p>\n<p><strong>My to na\u0161im klient\u016fm nedoporu\u010dujeme d\u011blat.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ale samoz\u0159ejm\u011b plat\u00ed v\u017edycky, je jedno jestli jsou to akcie nebo cokoliv jin\u00e9ho. Pokud investujete s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm \u00farokem, ne\u017e kolik vyd\u011bl\u00e1te tou investic\u00ed, potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdnos je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Ale pozor na rizika!<\/p>\n<p>D\u011bkuji v\u00e1m za pozornost a nashledanou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pod\u00edvejme se na v\u00fdhody ale hlavn\u011b na rizika tzv. investov\u00e1n\u00ed za pomoci finan\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1ky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":947,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[29,30],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Investov\u00e1n\u00ed na p\u00e1ku: Je vhodn\u00e9 vz\u00edt si p\u016fj\u010dku a pen\u00edze investovat do akci\u00ed? 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